BY RAYA WARD
WHY REFUSE, WHY MAKE DEMANDS**
As political theorist, Langdon Winner expresses, “the things we call technologies’ are ways of building order in our world...inadvertently or deliberately societies chose structures for technologies...in the process by which structuring decisions are made, different people are differently situated and poses unequal degrees of power as well as unequal levels of awareness.”[1] All technologies have politics in that they (1) become a way of settling an issue in a particular community or (2) are inherently political in that the technology requires particular kinds of political relationships to be maintain. For example, many large sophisticated technological systems are highly compatible with centralized, hierarchical managerial control.
To argue that technology is not political or that a tool can be separated from its applications is too simple and discounts the very calculated design of the structures that allow for and maintain the prominence of dominant technologies. Google and Amazon intentionally hire and recruit expansive legal, marketing, press, and policy teams; their technologies require particular infrastructures and relationships of power. In this way we can see “internet technologies as sociopolitical regimes. Platforms produce new forms of currency (i.e., data) and new forms of exchange (e.g., cryptocurrencies), and they structure new organizational arrangements among owners, workers, and consumers.“ [2]